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The spine surgery visual problem
A typical spinal procedure involves the surgeon hunched over a prone patient, operating through a corridor that may be 4 to 8 centimeters wide and 8 to 12 centimeters deep. The field is illuminated by overhead lighting that has to clear the surgeon’s head, the assistant, and the retractor system — which it routinely fails to do at the deepest point of the field. The structures of interest (dural sac, nerve roots, pedicles, disc spaces) sit at the bottom of that corridor.
